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nylinder p. (2011) Journal of Nursing Management19, 664-672 Perception of budgetary control: a study of differences across managers in Swedish public primary healthcare related to professional background and sex Background The composition of managers in Swedish public primary care centres has changed since the mid-1990s, favouring nurses and female managers. In parallel, health-care professionals

Knowledge of the forest biomass and its change in time is crucial to understanding the carbon cycle and its interactions with climate change. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, in this respect, has proven to be a valuable tool, providing reliable estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB). The overall goal of this study was to develop a method for assessing AGB using a synergy of low poin

A major problem when studying behavior and migration of small organisms is that many of the questions addressed for larger animals are not possible to formulate due to constraints on tracking smaller animals. In aquatic ecosystems, this problem is particularly problematic for zoo- and phytoplankton, since tracking devices are too heavy to allow the organism to act naturally. However, recent advanc

Responsible investment is a movement to integrate environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations in institutional investors’ investing activities. Despite the rapid growth of responsible investment in worldwide markets including China, there exists a prominent knowledge gap in how investors or their professional engagement service providers engage with Chinese investee companies to moni

Unravelling the Bacterial Cytoskeleton Recent discoveries of several bacterial proteins have led to a general acceptance of the existence of a bacterial cytoskeleton. This cytoskeleton, much like that of eukaryotic cells, is vital for the functionality and wellbeing of Streptomyces, a genus of soil-dwelling bacteria. One such important function is polar growth. This type of growth is directed to

After years of neglect, Lebanon is facing the consequences of a struggling water sector. Existing water networks are deficient; water supply continuity is low; most wastewater is discharged into rivers or the Mediterranean Sea without adequate treatment; and inter-agency coordination remains weak and fragmented. In 2000, the government together with international donor agencies initiated a reform

Hydrauliska parametrar är viktiga att kunna mäta i samband med stadsplanering, prospektering och för att få fram information om hur en möjlig föroreningstransport genom jordlager och berggrund skulle kunna ske. Slugtest är ett enkelt akvifertest som tar fram värden på formationens genomsläpplighet och har flera fördelar jämfört med andra akvifertester. I denna studie berörs grundvattenrör med liteHydraulic analysis plays a crucial role in urban planning, prospecting and environmetal assess-ments. Slug test is an aquifer test often used by hydrogeologist and engineers to determine the hydraulic conduct-ivity. In this bachelor thesis I discuss aquifers with small diameter piezometers where some of the them are screened across the water table. The essay is conducted in cooperation with the su

Lojalitetsplikten är en rättsprincip inom framför allt avtalsrätten som i stort innebär att en part i viss utsträckning även ska tillvarata sin motparts intressen så att denne inte lider skada. Lojalitetsplikten gäller både före, under och efter avtalsförhållandet, men vilka rättsföljder som följer när en part inte uppfyller lojalitetsplikten är oklart och beror på olika faktorer, som till exempelThe duty of loyalty is a principle within the Swedish contract law which basically means that a party also has to consider its counterparts interest and make sure that, to some extent, the counterpart does not get damaged financially. The duty of loyalty as a principle takes effect before, during and after the contractual relationship. What a breach of the principle will lead to all depends on wha

Along with the increased popularity and wide usage of social networking platforms, such as Facebook, social commerce is emerging as an important category of e-commerce. In this study, we refined one type of C2C social commerce naming as C2C social commerce on social networking platforms (C2CSNP). It refers to that online users conduct both online marketing and selling activities of products/ servi

Varje medlemsstat har förbehållit sig rätten att lagstifta inom rättsområdet direkt beskattning. Det medför att medlemsstaterna är skatterättsligt suveräna och att gemensamma EU-beslut kan fattas inom detta rättsområde, under särskilda omständigheter. Trots detta har EU-domstolen sedan ca 30 år tillbaka, avkunnat domar som berör frågor huruvida regler inom den direkta beskattningens område är föreOver the years it has become clear that the Court of Justice of the European Union may, despite the principle of fiscal sovereignty rule on the compatibility of domestic tax measures belonging to the field of direct taxation, with the fundamental freedoms. Truthfully, the compatibility assessment is found much earlier in other fields of law. The last step of the methodology used by the Court encom

Uppsatsen har behandlat den så kallade fyra procent-spärren som trädde i kraft 1 januari 2014. Regeln innebär att en delägare som arbetar aktiv i ett fåmansbolag, måste inneha en kapitalandel motsvarande fyra procent av bolaget för att få utnyttja det lönebaserade utrymmet vid beräkning av dennes gränsbelopp. Innan regeln infördes fick den utstå massiv kritik från remissinstanserna. RemissinstanseThe essay has dealt with the so-called four percents-latch, which came into force on January 1, 2014. The rule means that a partner who works active in a closely held company must hold an equity equivalent to four percents of the company to be able to use the wage based dividend allowance when calculating its dividend allowance. Before the rule was introduced it endured a massive criticism from th

Av försäkringsavtalslagen, FAL, 6 kap. 1 § framgår att bara lagliga intressen kan försäkras. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att genom en rättsdogmatisk metod utreda vilken innebörd begreppet lagligt intresse har. Fokus ligger på att undersöka hur administrativa sanktionsavgifter enligt EU:s nya dataskyddsförordning bör behandlas i svensk försäkringsrätt och om det är möjligt att försäkra sig mot riAccording to the Swedish Insurance Contracts Act (FAL) 6 chapter 1 §, only legal interests can be insured. By using a legal dogmatic method, this essay seeks to examine the significance of the term legal interest. This paper is especially focused on investigating how administrative fines, pursuant to the new EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), should be treated in Swedish insurance law,

How does the municipal platform Beirut Madinati challenge sectarian structures through its nuanced facilitation of radical democratization processes in Beirut and beyond? Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with electoral candidates, founders and volunteers of Beirut Madinati and an analysis of documents provided by the participants, this study argues that Beirut Madinati has facilitat

Varumärken betingar ofta stora ekonomiska värden och för varumärkesinnehavare är det av vikt att kunna skydda varumärkena. De EU-rättsliga direktiv och förordningar som reglerar området har haft till syfte att harmonisera varumärkesrätten mellan medlemsstaterna. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka EU-rättslig praxis avseende förväxlingsrisk för att sedan jämföra denna med Patent- och marknadsöverdomTrademarks often amount to great economic value and it is important for trademark owners to be able to protect their trademarks. The EU trademark directives and regulation aimed to harmonize the laws of the member states. The purpose of this thesis is to examine EU case law regarding the risk of confusion assessment and compare the case law of the European Court of Justice with judgments from the

The aim of this study has been to explore the perceptions of evidence-based practice among social workers along with how they perceive their prerequisites for working according to the evidence-based model. The social workers have been found within the children and family unit of the Swedish social services, and the evidence-based model was compared to that of the Swedish National Board of Health a

Att köpa sexuella tjänster har varit brottsligt i Sverige sedan 1999. Även om kriminaliseringen i förarbetena delvis motiverades med att prostitution är skadligt för individerna som befinner sig i situationen så är det inte, åtminstone inte tydligt, ett brott mot person. Samtidigt finns det personer med erfarenhet av att sälja sex som vittnar om utsatthet och övergrepp inom prostitutionen, något sBuying sexual services has been illegal in Sweden since 1999. Although the criminalization in the preparatory work was partly motivated by the fact that prostitution is harmful to the individuals who are in the situation, it is not, at least not clear, a crime against an individual. At the same time, there are people with experience of selling sex that tells about their experiences, showing that a

Formen för avtalsslut vid publika förvärv som ges av takeover-reglerna kännetecknas av att budgivaren är bunden av ett offentliggjort uppköpserbjudande. Budgivarens bundenhet vid budet är dock inte absolut. En budgivare får enligt punkt II.4 och II.5 takeover-reglerna uppställa fullföljandevillkor för budets genomförande. Takeover-reglerna ger att ett fullföljandevillkor som möjliggör för budgivarThe conclusion of a contract in public takeovers as set forth in the Swedish Takeover Rules is characterized by that the offeror has to honor its offer. However, the offeror's commitment to the offer is not absolute. An offeror may, in accordance with rule II.4 and II.5 of the Swedish Takeover Rules, stipulate conditions for the completion of the offer that must fulfilled in order for the offe

I en bransch som i allt större utsträckning präglas av hållbarhet och miljö, blir det allt viktigare att hitta sätt att återvinna och återanvända snarare än att nyproducera. Ett exempel på detta är när det kommer till de obundna lagren, bär- och förstärkningslager i vägöverbyggnaden. Till dessa används traditionellt bergkross och naturgrus, som bryts från bergtäkter. Dessa material är inte oändligIn an industry that is increasingly affected by sustainability and environmental matters, it is becoming more and more important to find ways to recycle and reuse materials rather than producing new materials. An example of this is when it comes to unbound pavement materials, such as the base and subbase layers. For these layers, mineral aggregate and natural gravel is traditionally used, which ar

Unequal access to education still remains a major problem especially in developing countries such as Nepal. The caste system in Nepal creates a hierarchy of social groups which has resulted in unequal power distribution and unequal access to resources. The Dalit group is one of the lowest caste groups in the hierarchy because of which people belonging to Dalit community struggle to gain equal acce

Stora magmatiska provinser återfinns långt tillbaka i jordens geologiska historia, från Arkeikum till Kenozoikum, och kan ha en stor påverkan på det globala klimatet. Den hög-arktiska stora magmatiska provinsen (HALIP) bildades under tidig Krita och rester av denna storskaliga magmatism kan observeras i hela Arktis. Relativt få U-Pb åldrar har än så länge blivit analyserade och mer geokronologisk Large Igneous Provinces are widespread in the geological record, from the Archean to the Cenozoic, and can have a significant impact on the global climate. The High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) was emplaced during the Early Cretaceous, and remnants of this large-scale magmatism can be found all over the circum-Arctic. Relatively few high-precision U-Pb ages have been analyzed to date, and