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Konsumtion. Det är en nödvändighet för människors överlevnad. Samtidigt har dagens konsumtions effekter på klimatet som just försvårar framtida förutsättningar för överlevnad – för människor såväl som för andra arter. Detta till följd av bland annat de växthusgaser som släpps ut från produktionen – och förbränningen – av de produkter vi människor konsumerar. Av den genomsnittliga svenskens konsumtThe public sector is responsible for 28 percent of the average Swedish citizen’s consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe). Looking at purchasing categories with the highest GHGe, consumables – products like paper and single use items – play a significant role. The first step in becoming more circular and reducing waste is often to completely refrain from purchases when possible. However,

Världen idag är i ett stort behov av att byta ut fossila råvaror mot mer hållbara alternativ. Nya processer behöver utvecklas för att minska våra utsläpp, bland annat tillverkning av icke fossilbaserade plaster. Plasten polyetylenfuranoat (PEF) har visat stor potential som alternativ till PET, och kan tillverkas av 5-hydroymetylfurfural (HMF). HMF kan bland annat framställas från fruktos, vilket kThe demand for plastics is growing due to global population, economic growth and insufficient recycling, where new bio-based feedstocks must be investigated to meet future emission goals. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a promising platform chemical that can produce Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) with similar characteristics to fossil-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The HMF can be produced

PLC-system (Programmable Logic Controller) är robusta realtidssystem som används för att styra fysiska processer i krävande miljöer. Moderna PLC-system är väldigt kapabla, men skulle systemet mot förmodan gå på knä, kan man alltid installera ännu ett PLC-system i mån av plats. En lyx som inte finns ombord på ubåtar, där man istället behöver hushålla med befintliga system. Med hjälp av två matematiThis master’s thesis is commissioned by SAAB Group with the purpose of developing a model which can be used to estimate the margin for expansion of devices in PLC systems. Although commercial PLC systems are hard real-time systems, they have inherited unpredictable characteristics due to off-the-shelves components. This makes it difficult to measure the impact on performance when a new device is c

Hållbar stadsutveckling är ett viktigt och allt mer prioriterat fokus inom samhällsplanering. Inom ramen för detta har gröna lösningar (ny eller upprustad grönyta, så som parker, gröna stråk, och regnträdgårdar) på senare tid fått ökad uppmärksamhet. Grönska och naturmiljöer utgör viktiga inslag i stadsmiljön och bidrar till att göra den täta staden trivsam, levnadskraftig och attraktiv, samtidigtIn the realm of urban planning, urban greening – the creation or restoration of green spaces in cities – has risen as an attractive approach for policy-makers and planners engaged in sustainability. As the benefits of urban greening are many, from social and cultural to environmental and economic, it has become positioned as a win-win solution to several urban challenges related to sustainable dev

Transistors are used in all digital devices today. The demand of faster and smaller devices such as mobile telephones and computers constantly drives the develop- ment of smaller transistor technologies. Transistors can also be used in analog applications. Today there are commercial chips with both radio and digital sys- tems in the same package. Cellular Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to ma

In order to study and evaluate the care provided at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), an accurate model to assess severity of illness and predict patient mortality based on admission data is required. Since 1983, the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) based on logistic regression (LR) has become one of the international standards for this purpose and is used in Sweden for adults. While being a

Kärt barn har många värden, eller vad är det man brukar säga? Skogen är älskad och brukad av oss året om och i alla delar av landet. Det är förståeligt att det framkallar stora debatter och delade åsikter. Likaså gör EU om man kollar på vilken nyhetskälla som helst. Hur blir det då när EU ska komma in och bestämma över Sveriges skog. Kaos antagligen. En av EU:s förordningar är den så kallade ’LandThe forest contributes multiple services, among others renewable materials, carbon sequestration, and recreational value. This thesis studied the effects on forestry stemming from the revised Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry regulation. The question is how reduced logging, which is in line with the new regulation, affects social welfare when incorporating the benefits of ecosystem services.

Phytoplankton and zooplankton interactions are vital in regulating nutrient cycles and productivity in aquatic ecosystems. Nevertheless, zooplankton account for the majority of phytoplankton mortality in the ocean. Due to predation pressures, phytoplankton have evolved several defensive traits, many of them being inducible defenses such as toxin production, colony size alterations, swimming behavi

Over the last decade the music festival sector grew enormously: in 2008 over a million festivalgoers gathered in the UK to share music and companionship. However in doing so musicfestivals generate large volumes of waste streams and consume large quantities of resources. Amusic festival of more than 40 000 people will produce in the order of 2000 tons of CO2e –with audience transportation and on s

We applied a hybrid approach to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower 95% confidence limit (BMDL) for cadmium-induced bone effects in a population with low environmental exposure. Morning urine samples were collected by 794 Swedish women, aged 53-64 years, participating in a population-based study We measured urinary cadmium (U-Cd), a marker of long-term exposure, and bone mineral densit

A variety of demand side management (DSM) methods are needed to ensure electric grid reliability and to integrate increasing shares of renewable energy sources into electricity networks. To investigate whether communal laundry rooms in Stockholm represent a good candidate for employing DSM to reduce the severity of electricity load peaks, tenants are surveyed on their willingness to temporarily lo

Abstract: The food consumption of today’s world has led to an overconsumption of the earth resources. It is easy to forget that when we consume we do not only consume a product we are also consuming other peoples labour and landscapes in, many times, far off places. With daily news on environmental damages, people are becoming more aware. Consequently, people are getting more interested in the ori

Upplysningsplikten ålägger den som vill teckna försäkring att förse försäkringsbolaget med relevant information rörande risken. Anledningen till att en sådan skyldighet finns är att den typen av information i många fall finns hos den som vill teckna försäkring. Upplysningsplikten har varit orsaken till en stor mängd domstolsprövningar i Storbritannien medan den i de nordiska länderna knappt har va

The purpose of this study is to let a group of addicted mothers who live separated from their children voice their thoughts and experiences through in-depth interviews made in the early 90's. From a perspective of experience of life we look at their living conditions, their everyday life, their experiences of pregnancy, their life with the children, and their life after the separation. What does i

PurposeTo estimate Swedish experience-based value sets for EQ-5D health states using general population health survey data.MethodsApproximately 45,000 individuals valued their current health status by means of time trade off (TTO) and visual analogue scale (VAS) methods and answered the EQ-5D questionnaire, making it possible to model the association between the experience-based TTO and VAS values

The determination of |Vus| from kaon semileptonic decays requires the value of the form factor f+(q2 = 0) which can be calculated precisely on the lattice. We provide the one-loop partially quenched chiral perturbation theory expressions both with and without including the effects of staggered quarks for all form factors at finite volume and with partially twisted boundary conditions for both the

Diagnostic reference levels are the main and the most effective tools of optimization of the radiation protection of patients from medical exposure. Diagnostic reference levels should be established based on theresults of dedicated dose surveys, allowing evaluating typical patient dose distributions in a selected dose quantity for the selected X-ray examinations. The aim of the current study was t

Aim: The risk for language disorder is high in children with all levels of hearing loss (HL). Early identification and intervention should be as important for children with mild HL as for those with more severe HL. Despite new-born hearing screening, a recent survey of speech language therapist services in southern Sweden indicates that children with mild and moderate HL are severely neglected whe

Avian migrants may fly at a range of altitudes, but usually concentrate near strata where a combination of flight conditions is favourable. The aerial environment can have a large impact on the performance of the migrant and is usually highly dynamic, making it beneficial for a bird to regularly check the flight conditions at alternative altitudes. We recorded the migrations between northern Europ

This study aimed to identify the uncertainty in estimations of organ absorbed dose using dedicated software by comparing with corresponding doses measured in physical phantoms. The comparison was performed for whole-body computed tomography (CT) obtained as part of positron emission tomography. Whole-body CT scans provide an advantage in terms of comparison because all organs are in the primary be