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Exploration of the role of penicillin-binding protein 4b in Bacillus subtilis The Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis produces endospores which enable the bacterium to survive under extreme conditions, e.g. desiccation and extreme temperature. The cortex layer of the endospore is essential for heat resistance. It consists of modified peptidoglycan (PG), which is similar to PG in the cell w
Social media plays an increasingly important role in organizational communication and stakeholder relationship management. The last few years has seen a growing number of studies examining how big organizations utilize social media channels for stakeholder relationship cultivation. However, research so far has overlooked startup companies, which are new players in the market and have the most to g
Exitbeskattning i svensk skattelagstiftning uppmärksammades på nytt hösten år 2017, då Skatteverket la fram ett förslag om exitskatt för fysiska personer. Skatteverkets förslag syftar till att förhindra skatteflykt och bevara en välavvägd fördelning av beskattningsrätten. Den föreslagna exitskatten innebär, mycket förenklat, att fysiska personer som i Sverige gjort orealiserade vinster på bolagsanDuring the autumn of 2017 the Swedish tax authorities presented a legislative proposal of exit taxation. The proposal aims to prevent tax avoidance and to preserve the allocation of the power to tax. The proposed exit tax implies that natural persons in Sweden who have made unrealised gains on shares can be subject to exit taxation when they move abroad. The proposal was met with great criticism a
ABSTRACT Increased competition in the global market has forced companies to diversify their product ranges to meet the customers? changing needs and adopt product development strategies for mass customization or even one-of-a-kind production, which inevitably requires designing modular products. Product modularity is achieved via platform-based systems, in which various combinations of different m
Denna uppsats syftar till att ge en djupare förståelse av återbäringssansvaret i 17 kap. 6 § ABL. Främst har uppsatsen begränsats till att studera värdeöverföringsmottagaren i motsvarande paragraf. Den fråga som står i fokus är under vilken förutsättning en fysisk eller juridisk person ska räknas som mottagare enligt 17 kap. 6 § ABL. Vem som är mottagare i 17 kap. 6 § ABL framgår inte av paragrafeThis thesis aims to give a deeper understanding of the refund obligation in Chap. 17. 6 § ABL. The essay has been limited to studying the value transfer recipient in the corresponding paragraph and deals with the primary value transfer recipient through an account of when a natural or legal person can be regarded as the recipient referred to in Chap. 17. 6 § ABL. When reading Chap. 17. 6 § ABL it
Today's urbanization creates big cities. More and more people are facing the problem with the increasing housing prices, and they had often to live in small or shared apartments. Most of the kitchens in those apartments are often small, which leads to a increasing need to use the available space in a more efficient way. An investigation conducted for the existing solutions in the market, has r
The aim of this study is to define and conceptualise the dimensions of customer value for value-based pricing strategies within a B2B industrial context. Furthermore, this study advances theory and knowledge in research about pricing and B2B relationships between customers and sellers. Prior research findings were incorporated in order to develop a multidimensional and multifaceted framework showi
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to, from a critical feminist perspective, illustrate and create understanding for how companies use feminism to broadcast commercial messages. Methodology: The study was conducted in the form of a case study. The analysis was made by doing a qualitative content analysis of images and text in order to illustrate the material’s underlying meaning. Theoretical
Runt om i den Europeiska unionen (EU) utnyttjas den fria rörligheten i större utsträckning än tidigare. Företag flyttar över nationsgränserna och med företagen kommer arbetstagarna och deras familjer. Idag sträcker sig allt fler familjeband över nationsgränserna och i och med det har också familjerätten tagit steget från att ha varit nationell till att bli allt mer internationell. Inom EU finns Within the European Union (EU), the freedom of movement guaranteed in the Treaties has increased significantly the last decade. Companies may move their establishment from one Member State to another and with the companies, the employees and their families follow. An effect of the integration within the European Union is a high level of cross-border family relationships. As a result, family law ha
The relationship between Knowledge Management (KM) and Business Intelligence (BI) is di-vided into two steps. First, differences and similarities between the concepts, and second, what interaction the concepts have within organisations. Eight qualitative interviews with ex-perts in the field of BI have been done. The most significant difference is in the knowledge sources, where KM handle explicit
Denna uppsats har som syfte att utreda innebörden av begreppet ”penninglån” som återfinns i låneförbudsreglerna i 21 kap. aktiebolagslagen (2005:551). Frågan som besvaras är: - Vad innebär begreppet ”penninglån” enligt 21 kap. ABL? Grunddefinitionen av penninglån är en försträckning där transaktionen består av en genusvara, i form av penningar. I lagtexten finns det relativt lite vägledning krinThis paper aims to investigate the meaning of the term "cash loan" found in the loan prohibition rules in 21st chapter of the Swedish Companies Act (2005:551). The question to be answered is: - What does the term "cash loan" in 21st chapter of the Swedish Companies Act mean? The basic definition of cash loan is a loan where the transaction consists in the form of money. The t
Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna uppsats har varit att ta reda på vilka rättsliga sanktioner majoritets- respektive minoritetsägare kan åberopa då styrelseledamot och VD försummat lojalitetsplikten enligt aktiebolagsrätten. Lojalitetsplikten ses ur majoritets- respektive minoritetsägarnas perspektiv i uppsatsen. Jag har valt att använda mig av rättskälleläran då denna metod utifrån mitt syfte föThe main purpose with this essay has been to find out what legal sanctions majority and minority shareholders can plead when member of the Board or CEO not observed the duty of loyalty in accordance with company law. The duty of loyalty is seen from the majority and minority shareholders perspective in the essay. I have used the traditional method of law and the classical legal sources of law in
A key component in successfully managing software products is to properly, and in a timely manner, identify and secure competitive advantage by innovation via feature differentiation. Although open source software (OSS) is not a new idea, several product development companies that operate in a market-driven context have started to use open source solutions as core software components in their prod
Context: Coping with rapid requirements change is crucial for staying competitive in the software business. Frequently changing customer needs and fierce competition are typical drivers of rapid requirements evolution resulting in requirements obsolescence even before project completion. Objective: Although the obsolete requirements phenomenon and the implications of not addressing them are known,
Liner shipping, which provides transportation by ships operating on a regular schedule between specified ports in accordance with publicly available timetables of sailing dates, is now a mature industry. The various players which are part of the liner shipping industry, namely, ocean carriers, port operators, freight forwarders or consolidators, customs, hinterland haulage carriers, inland navigat
How will future developments in insulation affect current construction standards? Will it help to facilitate better construction solutions and slimmed-down designs? What price is reasonable for new insulation materials and what can be achieved with some of the newest features? With today's focus on environmental protection and improving environmental standards, energy efficiency in buildings h
Background: When firms grow through acquisitions it is commonly debated whether the two entities ought to be better off as standalone companies rather than as a merged company. This thesis aims at discussing this issue of M&As advantages and disadvantages in terms of source of synergies from the perspective of resource allocation. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze
Purpose: Brand Activism is a phenomenon that only recently became an area of greater interest. The aim of this paper is to follow a call for research and develop a framework that aids brand managers and other decision makers to identify essential prerequisites that their brand should have in place to increase the likelihood for successful Brand Activism. Design/ Methodology approach: The paper em
Forskningsfråga: Skiljer sig startupbolags relativa värden mellan olika geografiska områden i Sverige och om så är fallet, kan innovationskraften och tillgången till riskkapital i områdena förklara denna skillnad? Syfte: Studien ämnar att härleda huruvida de relativa värdena på startupbolag skiljer sig mellan olika geografiska områden i Sverige, samt att undersöka om områdenas innovationskraft ocResearch question: Do the relative valuations of startup companies differ across different geographical regions in Sweden, and if so, can the innovation capacity and access to venture capital in these areas explain this difference? Purpose: The study aims to determine whether the relative valuations of startups differ across different geographical regions in Sweden and to investigate whether the
