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Warming may increase the extent and intensity of insect defoliations within Arctic ecosystems. A thorough understanding of the implications of this for litter decomposition is essential to make predictions of soil-atmosphere carbon (C) feedbacks. Soil nitrogen (N) and C cycles naturally are interlinked, but we lack a detailed understanding of how insect herbivores impact these cycles. In a laborat
Classical homogenization theory based on the Hashin-Shtrikman coated ellipsoids is used to model the changes in the complex valued conductivity (or admittivity) of a lung during tidal breathing. Here, the lung is modeled as a two-phase composite material where the alveolar air-filling corresponds to the inclusion phase. The theory predicts a linear relationship between the real and the imaginary p
Like many birds [1], numerous species of nocturnal moths undertake spectacular long-distance migrations at night [2]. Each spring, billions of Bogong moths (Agrotis infusa) escape hot conditions in different regions of southeast Australia by making a highly directed migration of over 1,000 km to a limited number of cool caves in the Australian Alps, historically used for aestivating over the summe
Abstract: (+)‐T‐Cadinol is a sesquiterpene with smooth muscle relaxing properties. In the isolated rat aorta, T‐cadinol relaxed contractions induced by 60 mM K+ in a concentration‐dependent fashion. The dihydropyridine calcium antagonist nimodipine was approximately 4,000 times more potent than T‐cadinol. While both drugs nearly abolished the K+‐induced contractions, they only partially relaxed c
In the 1970s, grassroots disability movements in many countries changed the thinking around disability and disability politics. Nonetheless, they were also part of larger political upheavals in the western world. How were they inspired by the socialist, feminist, and gay and lesbian movements? In addition, how did they relate to non-disabled allies? Organisations in Denmark and Sweden are investig
The effect of lesions of two excitatory afferent pathways on the cellular damage in the hippocampus following complete cerebral ischaemia was investigated in the rat Lesions transecting the perforant path led to a significant decrease in cellular damage in the hippocampal CA1 region ipsilateral to the lesion as compared to the contatterai side and to control. Lesions of the fimbria-fornix, on the
Extracellular levels of striatal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and taurine were monitored during insulin-induced hypoglycemia using microdialysis. At the onset of isoelectricity in the electroencephalogram (EEG), a transient 5-fold increase in the levels of GABA occurred. Taurine levels increased 5 min following the onset of isoelectricity and continued to increase during the entire isoelectric perio
The present paper reports different applications which have a common data source: Automatic Road Analyzer (ARAN) of the Transport Infrastructure Laboratory of the University of Catania. Data surveyed with ARAN were used to develop performance indicators of the road asset. A BIM model makes possible to improve the flexibility in information access and to merge data with the aim to allow a complete
In the present study, partial lesions of the lower thoracic spinal cord in rats anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide were made in order to elucidate which of the spinal funiculi mediate a nociceptive C fibre input to SI. Field potentials evoked by noxious CO2-laser stimulation were recorded in the left SI. Nociceptive C fibre input from the right hindpaw to SI was propagated by the dorsa
In the present study, noxious thermal stimulation of the skin with short pulses of CO2-laser radiation was used to identify a cutaneous nociceptive C fibre input to SI and investigate the organization of this input in halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthetized rats. Noxious CO2-laser stimulation of the glabrous skin of the hindpaw consistently evoked late surface positive field potentials in SI (averag
While issues of land-use have been considered in many direct analyses of biomass systems, little attention has heretofore been paid to land-use in reference fossil systems. Here we address this limitation by comparing forest biomass systems to reference fossil systems with explicit consideration of land-use in both systems. We estimate and compare the time profiles of
Good alternatives to the Impact Factor (IF) algorithm are needed. The Thomson IF represents a limited measure of the importance of an individual article because 80% of a journal's IF is determined by only the 20% of the papers published. In the past few years, several new indexes has been created to provide alternatives to the IF algorithm. These include the removal of self citations from the calc
Second-generation fuel ethanol is typically researched using one type of raw material as feedstock. However, the variability in the supply and quality of biomass calls for an expansion of the feedstock base to ensure sufficient supply for commercial-scale production. By expanding the feedstock base and using mixtures in the conversion process, the biomass supply can be improved and associated econ
We reconstructed a record of the micrometeorite flux in the Late Cretaceous using the distribution of extraterrestrial spinel grains across an ~2 m.y. interval of elevated 3He in the Turonian Stage (ca. 92–90 Ma). From ~30 m of the limestone succession in the Bottaccione section, Italy, a total of 979 kg of rock from levels below and within the 3He excursion yielded 603 spinel grains (32–355 µm si
Changes in the characteristics of cyclone activity (frequency, depth and size) in the Arctic are analyzed based on simulations with state-of-the-art regional climate models (RCMs) from the Arctic-CORDEX initiative and global climate models (GCMs) from CMIP5 under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario. Most of RCMs show an increase of cyclone frequency in winter (DJF) and a de
We investigate how the uncertainties in σνN due the different QCD dynamic models would modify the neutrino absorption while they travel across the Earth. We compare the predictions of models based on the solution of the linear DGLAP equations at small-x and large-Q2 with those which impose the Froissart bound at large energies, taking into account the unitarity effects in the neutrino - nucleon cr
(E)valuative technologies such as standards and conventionalized (e)valuative practices, some including the use of technological devices, govern the production of food in the global north. Food supply chains consist of multiple interrelated markets, where goods are (e)valuated to distinguish their qualities and prices. Qualities and prices that are transformed as the raw materials move through the
Spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the BB rat is associated with the presence of antibodies to a 64-kilodalton rat islet cell protein. These protein antibodies appeared in young animals and remained for as long as 8 weeks before the clinical onset of IDDM. Antibodies to a 64-kilodalton human islet cell protein were found to be associated with human IDDM. Detection of the ant
