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Abstract Divergent natural selection is often thought to be the principal factor driving phenotypic differentiation between populations. We studied two ecotypes of the aquatic isopod Asellus aquaticus which have diverged in parallel in several Swedish lakes. In these lakes, isopods from reed belts along the shores colonized new stonewort stands in the centre of the lakes and rapid phenotypic chang
Recent investigations have shown neuropeptide Y (NPY) to be present in the rabbit maxillary sinus, and NPY is known to be released upon sympathetic nerve stimulation. To study, in vivo, the effect on mucociliary activity and blood flow, NPY 1-36 and some of its analogues were injected intra-arterially. The effects of the Y1/Y2 agonist NPY 1-36 was compared with the ones of the Y2 agonist NPY 16-36
Variation in sex hormone exposure during early embryonic development contributes to individual differences in behaviour and cognitive abilities later in life. Digit ratio has gained considerable interest as a putative marker for early androgen/oestrogen exposure in behavioural ecology research. Studying digit ratio in nonhuman laboratory as well as wild vertebrate species may be useful to assess w
Effects of peptide hydrophobicity on lipid membrane binding, incorporation, and defect formation was investigated for variants of the complement-derived antimicrobial peptide CNY21 (CNYITELRRQHARASHLGLAR), in anionic 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (POPE)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG) and zwitterionic 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) membranes. Using a
In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in the building sector towards more sustainable, resource efficient, and renewable materials. Bio-based insulation derived from renewable resources, such as plant or animal fibres, is one promising group of such materials. Compared to mineral wool and polystyrene-based insulation materials, these bio-based insulation materials generally have a sligh
There are no known estimates of the prevalence, severity and impacts from breathlessness in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, severity, self-attributed underlying conditions and impacts of breathlessness limiting exertion in community-dwelling adults in India. This exploratory, population-based online survey recruited a pre-planned sample of 3,000 adult
Objective. To determine whether a pharmacist-led medications review in primary care reduces the number of drugs and the number of drug-related problems. Design. Prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting. Liljeholmen Primary Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden. Subjects. 209 patients aged ≥ 65 years with five or more different medications. Intervention. Patients answered a questionnaire regarding
1. Animals that use flight as their mode of transportation must cope with the fact that their migration and orientation performance is strongly affected by the flow of the medium they are moving in, i.e. by the winds. Different strategies can be used to mitigate the negative effects and benefit from the positive effects of a moving flow. The strategies an animal can use will be constrained by the
COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) obtained from recently recovered people is safe and effective against SARS-CoV-2. Currently available CCP is a “hybrid” product with antibodies from individuals who had both infection and vaccination (vaccine-boosted CCP). B-cell depleted patients are at risk of not producing antibodies after either infection or vaccination, hence conceivably among those who woul
Safe and clean drinking water delivery is challenged by climate change, as elevated temperatures can promote the growth of pathogens and other detrimental microorganisms. The microbial processes underlying drinking water production in slow sand filters (SSFs) are largely uncharacterized, limiting the possibilities of improving this technology. Periodical clogging, potentially by microbes, disrupts
In contemporary times, there is an increasing trend of democratic backsliding, with illiberal actors seeking to infiltrate democracies and dismantle their principles to establish an illiberal order. Within the EU, Hungary under Viktor Orbán and Fidesz has exemplified this trend, challenging not only Hungarian democracy but also the Union's democratic values. As the EU is founded on democratic
The present study is grounded upon the traditional concepts of cohesion and differentiation in fashion by Simmel (1904) and Bourdieu (1984). The study reviewed these concepts in the social context of sustainable fashion consumption, with consideration of identity construction and expression. Furthermore, the study looked at the literature on certification labels and their value for consumers. Due
The control of large and complex systems is a difficult but important topic. In applications, centralized control, in which all measurements about a system are used to compute control actions, is often preferable, since it allows for a better overview of the system and more precise control. However, in large networks, where the complexity of implementing a centralized controller becomes too diffic
The following thesis is an attempt to analyse the concept of narrative in and around retellings of the events surrounding Czechoslovakia during the First World War and how they are subsequently depicted. This is done by primarily looking at three primary source materials: in English Czech historiography from the past 20 years, an autobiography from WWI and a modern video game on the same subject.
The invasive oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces astaci significantly threatens native European crayfish populations, prompting investigations towards the effects of protective immunostimulation on the immune response of the vulnerable noble crayfish (Astacus astacus). Here, we evaluate the effect of three oomycete-derived immunostimulant treatments: laminarin (β-1,3-glucan found within the Ap. astaci c
Basalcellscancer (BCC) är den vanligaste formen av hudcancer som enligt Socialstyrelsen drabbar omkring 50 000 svenskar varje år. Om en patient misstänks ha basalcellscancer måste man ta bort en bit av huden för att undersöka den i mikroskop. Om det visar sig efter undersökningen att det finns cancerceller kvar, måste man operera igen, vilket är obehagligt för patienten, kostsamt och förlänger vänBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer with the current diagnostic procedures relying on surgical excisions and histopathological analyses. Incomplete removal of the tumor necessitates additional surgery, which is both costly and time-consuming, and causes unnecessary suffering for the patient. To address this, non-invasive diagnostic techniques capable of determining th
Deficiency in C1 inhibitor (C1INH, SERPING1) is canonically associated with hereditary angioedema (HAE-C1INH) but not thrombosis. To determine the thrombosis risk conferred by loss of C1INH in the general population, we studied genetically-defined C1INH deficiency across 635,823 participants. Functionally deleterious germline coding variation in SERPING1 was rare (~1:10,000), indicating strong gen
BACKGROUND: Catheterization of the vein is frequently a painful procedure. Assessing venous cannulation induced pain (VCP) before surgery have been used to predict the intensity of postoperative pain and postoperative opioid consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the intra-individual variation in venous cannulation induced pain at three consecutive time points and factors influencin
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric patients may refer to concepts neither medically accepted nor easily understood to describe their experiences when seeking medical care. These concepts may lie outside the clinician's cultural references and consequently hinder the diagnostic consultation. In the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the clinical instrument Cult
Targeted radionuclide therapy is an emerging potent therapeutic strategy in oncology. The cell surface antigen CD44v6 is a potential pan-cancer target for radionuclide therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, biodistribution, dosimetry, and safety profile of AKIR001, an antibody targeting CD44v6 labeled with 177Lu. Methods: The biodistribution and preclinical dosimetry of [1
