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OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent to which knee extensor strength and weight in adolescence are associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA) by middle age.METHODS: We studied a cohort of 40 121 men who at age 18 years in 1969/1970 underwent mandatory conscription in Sweden. We retrieved data on isometric knee extensor strength, weight, height, smoking, alcohol consumption, parental education and adult

Water availability and water demand are not evenly distributed in time and space. Many mega water diversion projects have been launched to alleviate water shortages in China. This paper analyzes the temporal and spatial features of 59 mega water diversion projects in China using statistical analysis. The relationship between nine major basins is measured using a network analysis method, and the as

OBJECTIVE: Children who undergo surgery for complex congenital cardiac disease are reported to be at increased thrombotic risk. Our aim was to evaluate long-term changes in the haemostatic system after surgery, to compare markers of activated coagulation in children having surgery with those in a healthy control population, and to relate them to adverse clinical outcome.Patients and methodsWe stud

The n-CoDeR recombinant antibody gene libraries are built on a single master framework, into which diverse in vivo-formed complementarity determining regions (CDRs) are allowed to recombine. These CDRs are sampled from in vivo-processed and proof-read gene sequences, thus ensuring an optimal level of correctly folded and functional molecules. By the modularized assembly process, up to six CDRs can

Bestämmelsen om underlåtenhet att avslöja våldtäkt har sällan åberopats i praktiken. Under 2017 prövades brottet av Högsta domstolen vars dom har tolkats i ett annat våldtäktsmål. Uppsatsens huvudsakliga syfte är att analysera de objektiva förutsättningarna för straffbarhet för åskådare vid underlåtenhet att avslöja våldtäkt samt analysera hur bestämmelsen tillämpas i praktiken. Med det avses såväThe provision regarding failure to reveal an ongoing rape has seldom been invoked in court. However, the crime was tried by the Swedish Supreme Court in 2017 and the judgment has been interpreted in another case of rape. The main purpose of the essay is to analyze the objective prerequisites for criminal responsibility regarding spectators in the event of failure to reveal an ongoing rape. This en

This thesis investigates whether the implementation of a withholding tax on financial transactions obtained by the provision of certain digital services could solve the current problem of missing taxation rights regarding the income of highly digitalized multinational business models. Furthermore, the thesis aims to determine whether such tax could be in line with European Union law and the model

My diploma project is a design proposal for a Rudolf Steiner School in Sirende, a village 12 km outside Kitale Town, Kenya. On Initiative taken by the anthroposophical association Föreningen Sofia in Sweden, a Steiner school opened in Sirende in year 2008. Today the school is in a very bad condition with over crowded classrooms and poor sanitary conditions. The need for a new school building is ur

Purpose: The purpose is to examine how IKEA works with customer brand co-creation and how it can be further leveraged in the digital era. Methodology: This paper adopts a qualitative case study method, where the primary data consists of an interview with a Social Media Specialist with pre-existing knowledge of brand co-creation at IKEA in Sweden. Furthermore, research about IKEA and the ways they

Articulatory data were collected for the Swedish vowels /iː, yˌ, ʉ̟ː/ from nine speakers each of Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmöhus Swedish, and the tongue positions and their dynamics analysed using Functional Data Analysis (FDA). Results showed that the general tongue positions for /iː/ and /yː/ are similar and clearly different from /ʉ̟ː/ in all three dialects. Variation within the Stockholm a

Malaria is a major global cause of deaths and a vaccine is urgently needed.

The immune system is remarkable in many ways. It exerts immunity to defend us from foreign pathogens, while it is also responsible for maintaining tolerance to avoid autoimmune diseases and allergy. This thesis includes three separate papers concerning both tolerance and immunity. In paper I we report that repeated antigen stimulation results in an increased proportion of Foxp3+ cells in the CD4+

The partial unfolding of human lysozyme underlies its conversion from the soluble state into amyloid fibrils observed in a fatal hereditary form of systemic amyloidosis. To understand the molecular origins of the disease, it is critical to characterize the structural and physicochemical properties of the amyloidogenic states of the protein. Here we provide a high-resolution view of the unfolding p

The proportions of Haemophilus influenzae resistant to ampicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics have been low in Sweden compared to other countries in the Western world. However, a near-doubled proportion of nasopharyngeal Swedish H. influenzae isolates with resistance to beta-lactams has been observed in the last decade. In the present study, the epidemiology and mechanisms of antimicrobial r

The subject of this thesis is the interplay between IPR and competition Law regarding standardisation. In reviewing the legal sources in the field the complexity of the process will be enlightened and the question to answer is what mixture that is to be “perfect” in that sense. Focus lies on the risks of “hold-up “ situations where holders of IPR abuse the system in search for higher amounts of ro

The growing interest and practice in outer space activities is the cause of a developing and more various space industry. The implication of an increasing human presence in outer space, as a result of such a development, is questioned in this study through an analysis of extraterrestrial mining. Three leading actors’ business-plans in the industry of extraterrestrial mining are examined, with the

Climate change affects us all through rising sea levels, environmental degradation and rising temperatures. The issue with climate change emerges from the fact that the discharge of carbon dioxide creates negative externalities, which causes the market to reach an inefficient allocation. The European Union has chosen to respond to the problem with a market-based policy and established an emissions

This thesis explores the name, naming and naming politics in three poetic texts which exhibit a concern with the normative force of language: Cristina Peri Rossi’s Evohé (1971), Julia Álvarez’ The Other Side/El otro lado (1995) and Ana Arzoumanian’s (2006) Juana I. In Evohé the woman-body and the woman-word collide and penetrate each other; in The Other Side/ El otro lado the English code conflict