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Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that persists as a second leading cause for death, by an infectious agent. Several reasons contribute to this issue to this, of which an upsurge in antibiotic resistance is of top concern. Resistance patterns in the form of mono or multidrug resistance was reported to most clinical therapies at our disposal. This thesis aims to address this issue by studying
Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been a good model system to understand the functional role of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in cancer progression. More recently, an oxidized form of 5-mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has gained lot of attention as a regulatory epigenetic modification with prognostic and diagnostic implications for several cancers. However, there is no global study
Background Quinquennial overviews (1985-2000) of the randomised trials in early breast cancer have assessed the 5-year and 10-year effects of various systemic adjuvant therapies on breast cancer recurrence and survival. Here, we report the 10-year and 15-year effects. Methods Collaborative meta-analyses were undertaken of 194 unconfounded randomised trials of adjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal ther
Background: Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder associated with a high prevalence of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), for which epilepsy surgery may be a viable therapeutic option. National prospective studies with long-term follow-up (LTFU) and the identification of outcome predictors are needed.Methods: Individuals with TSC but no history of previous epilepsy surgery were identifie
BackgroundUnderstanding the interplay between different pathologies is essential for correlating specific pathologies with cognitive symptoms and predicting the clinical effects of emerging therapies later on. This thesis investigates interactions among biomarkers of small vessel disease (SVD), neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), their relation to infection in the brain parenchyma, an
Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is occurring three times more frequently in females than in males. However, the underlying biological mechanisms driving this discrepancy remain poorly understood. To investigate the causal role of sex hormones and reproductive factors in the risk of DTC, we implemented a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: We utilized genom
The order Picornavirales includes viruses that infect different kinds of eukaryotes and that share similar properties. The capsid proteins (CPs) of viruses in the order that infect unicellular organisms, such as algae, presumably possess certain characteristics that have changed little over the course of evolution, and thus these viruses may resemble the Picornavirales ancestor in some respects. H
The individuals from Westerhus were randomly selected to cover all age groups and both sexes. Bone samples were taken from 94 skeletons (25%) of the population. Different skeletal elements have been used in the PIXE (Proton Induced X-ray Emission) analyses. The following elements were studied: Ca (calcium), the earth metals Mn (manganese) and Fe (iron); the trace elements Zn (zinc), Sr (strontium)
External quality assessment (EQA) schemes for pathology are essential, yet large/international programmes do not assess morphology-based biomarkers or address local/regional needs. This study outlines bottom-up initiated, flexible Swedish Digital Pathology EQA rounds for breast pathology, and presents results from the 2021 and 2023 rounds. Six breast carcinoma cases were selected for each EQA roun
During the second half of the 19th century, both China and Argentina experienced accelerated economic, political, and social changes. To become a 'modern' nation was an integral part of both countries' efforts to deal with these transformations. Education played a key role in this nation-building process: it was expected to shape the national citizen and, thereby, the nation. However, with regard
The thesis addresses the question of how to mitigate climate change by studying the emergence of solar photovoltaic energy as an example of a low carbon industry. By outlining the social conditions behind the growth of that industry, I aim to further the understanding of low carbon industrial development in general. The dissertation is a historical comparative study of solar photovoltaic developme
Mervärdesskatt och Transfer Pricing är två av de stora områdena inom internationell skatterätt, då det förra är en indirekt skatt och baseras på det subjektiva priset och det senare området tillhör direkt beskattning och använder ett objektivt, fiktivt pris för beräkning kan de vid första anblick sakna anknytning. Det finns dock en risk att justeringar av det pris som använts för Transfer Pricing-Value added tax and Transfer Pricing are two of the major areas of international tax law, as the former one uses a subjective price for the calculation of taxation and the latter one uses an objective price the two regimes seemingly lack interaction. There is however a possibility that an adjustment of the price used for Transfer Pricing purposes might have an effect on the VAT due. VAT is a har
Den 1 juli 2018 ändrades våldtäktsbrottet i Sverige, så att det inte längre krävdes att den tilltalade använt våld, hot eller utnyttjande för att få målsä-gande att delta i samlaget. I stället drogs gränsen för våldtäkt vid att delta-gandet inte varit frivilligt. Frivillighet är i detta sammanhang inte samma sak som målsägandens vilja. I stället handlar det om hur offret har visat den tilltalade vOn the 1st of July 2018, the Swedish rape law changed. To be classified as rape, it was no longer necessary that the sex was the result of violence, threat or abuse by the perpetrator. Instead, it was considered rape if a per-son performed a sexual act on someone who did not engage voluntarily. It is, however, important to note, that engaging voluntarily, does not mean the same as wanting to have
En av den svenska regeringsmaktens minst uppmärksammade och sällan omdiskuterade maktbefogenheter är regeringens rätt enligt 12 kap. 9 § första stycket regeringsformen att genom nåd efterge eller mildra en brottspåföljd eller annan sådan rättsverkan av brott samt ett annat liknande myndighetsingrepp som avser enskildas person eller egendom. Nådeinsti-tutet innebär att regeringen, under ett politis
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to critically evaluate posts/comments collected from social media on AI auditing to analyze how auditors perceive the application of AI in the auditing industry currently. Methodology: We did qualitative research using content analysis to conduct our research. We scraped posts/comments from Reddit, Quora, and Weibo for information collection purposes. We used
Horseback riding is a sport enjoyed by people around the world. Many riders are interested in knowing exactly how much they have exercised their horse and how much time that have been spent in different gaits. The goal of this master's thesis was to develop an equine gait recognition algorithm. Triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope signals were collected during different riding sessions by usin
This Master’s Thesis was written in collaboration with Handelsbanken Asset Man- agement in Stockholm, through the Faculty of Engineering at Lund University. This paper aims to investigate algoritmic trading on the financial market from a theo- retical and a practical perspective. The theoretical section presents an approach of using sentiment analysis for predicting asset price movements. The algo
Plastic pollution is not a new thing, not a new thing at all. Actually, concern about plastic had been growing date back to 1960s, almost 60 years ago, when the plastic debris in the ocean was first observed, but now the global plastic production is still increasing, as well as the amount of the plastic waste that enters the ocean every year. I knew about plastic pollution since I was a kid -
Changed land-use, nitrogen deposition, climate change, and the spread of non-native species have repeatedly been reported as the main drivers of floristic changes in northern Europe. However, the relevance of the geographical scale at which floristic changes are observed, is less studied and understood. Here, I assess the changes in species richness and species composition in the central parts of
