Filtyp
We review the ecological and socio-economic impacts of the catastrophic dam failure in Mariana, Brazil. Tailing management practices by Samarco mining company ultimately caused a dam breach that abruptly discharged between 55 and 62 million m3 of tailings into the Doce River watershed. On November 5th, 2015, a tsunami of slurry engulfed the small district of Bento Rodrigues, loading the Doce River
When grown in liquid cultures allowing the formation of nematode traps, the fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora produced two extracellular proteases hydrolysing the chromogenic substrate Azocoll. The protease activity was separated into two fractions (FI and FII) using anion-exchange chromatography. In bioassays, protease(s) present in FII immobilized the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus indi
Food encodes social and cultural values and has an important role to play in defining identities. In mixed populations, diet can be used to distinguish between ‘us’ and ‘them’. This study investigates the extent to which the inhabitants of mediaeval Tallinn, an important trading centre, used food to maintain distinct identities. Human skeletal material was selected from four mediaeval cemeteries i
Holocene relative shore-level changes and development of the Ģipka palaeolagoon in the western Gulf of Riga are reconstructed using multiproxy analyses by combining litho-, biostratigraphical and chronological data with remote sensing and geophysical data. The results show the development of the Ģipka basin from the Ancylus Lake/Initial Litorina Sea coastal zone (before c. 9.1 cal. ka BP) to coast
Markstabilisering blir allt vanligare för exploatering av områden med dålig bärighet.Det finns dock behov av bättre och volymstäckande kontrollmetoder förkvalitetssäkring. Kontrollmetoderna kan delas upp i två steg, där det första sker iomedelbar anslutning till inblandning av bindemedel för att kontrollera om manlyckats behandla hela den avsedda volymen, eller om det finns zoner som behöverkompleSoil stabilisation is becoming increasingly common for the development of areas withpoor bearing capacity. However, there is a need for better and volume-wide controlmethods for quality assurance. The control methods can be divided into two steps,where the first takes place in immediate connection to the mixing of binders to checkwhether the entire intended volume has been successfully treated, or
The CryoGrid community model is a flexible toolbox for simulating the ground thermal regime and the ice-water balance for permafrost and glaciers, extending a well-established suite of permafrost models (CryoGrid 1, 2, and 3). The CryoGrid community model can accommodate a wide variety of application scenarios, which is achieved by fully modular structures through object-oriented programming. Diff
According to Lefebvre, modern capitalism has led to the commodification of urban life. Even though commodification has taken multiple distinct forms across the urban fabric, it could be argued that no urban feature is more representative of the proliferation of exchange values than shopping malls. Despite being privately owned and managed, commercialised and highly securitised, shopping malls have
AbstractDead standing trees (DSTs) generally decompose slower than wood in contact with the forest floor. In many regions, DSTs are being created at an increasing rate due to accelerating tree mortality caused by climate change. Therefore, factors determining DST fall are crucial for predicting dead wood turnover time but remain poorly constrained. Here, we conduct a re-analysis of published DST f
Gambling disorder is a major public health issue in many countries. It has been defined as a persistent, recurrent pattern of gambling and is associated with substantial distress or impairment, lower quality of life, and living with a plurality of psychiatric problems. Many people suffering from gambling disorder seek help in ways other than formal treatment seeking, including self-management stra
Patients admitted to intensive care after cardiac arrest are at risk of circulatory shock and early mortality due to cardiovascular failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the veno-arterial pCO2 difference (∆pCO2; central venous CO2 – arterial CO2) and lactate to predict early mortality in postcardiac arrest patients. This was a pre-planned prospective observational sub-study
Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can convert N2 into NH3. The reaction requires the addition of eight electrons and protons to the enzyme and the mechanism is normally described by nine states, E0–E8, differing in the number of added electrons. Experimentally, it is known that three or four electrons need to be added before the enzyme can bind N2. We have used combined quantum mechanical and mo
The complex reactions of blood coagulation are balanced by several natural anticoagulants resulting in tuned hemostasis. During several decades, the knowledge base of the natural anticoagulants has greatly increased and we have also learned about antiinflammatory and cytoprotective activities expressed by antithrombin and activated protein C (APC). Some coagulation proteins have also been found to
Segmentation of grey matter in magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord is an important step in assessing disease state in neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. However, manual delineation of spinal cord tissue is time-consuming and susceptible to variability introduced by the rater. We present a novel segmentation method for spinal cord tissue that uses fully convolutional encode
Purpose: Avian haemosporidians are widespread parasites, occurring in many bird families and causing pathologies ranging from rather benign infections to highly virulent diseases. The state of knowledge about lineage-specific intensities of haemosporidian infection (i.e., parasitaemia) is mainly based on infection experiments conducted under laboratory conditions. The levels and range of parasitae
The emergence of the modern urban water system in Iran, albeit facilitated access to clean water and accelerated discharge of waste- and stormwater, it left some negative imprints on country’s urban and natural environment. Among which larger stress on natural water cycles and pollution of water resources are of great importance. More importantly, such impacts are occurring when cities are going t
The effects of dietary vitamin D, Ca and dairy products intakes on colorectal cancer risk remain controversial. The present study investigated the association between these dietary intakes and the risk of colorectal cancer in Guangdong, China. From July 2010 to December 2018, 2380 patients with colorectal cancer and 2389 sex- and age-matched controls were recruited. Dietary intake data were collec
β-Phosphoglucomutase (β-PGM) has served as an important model system for understanding biological phosphoryl transfer. This enzyme catalyzes the isomerization of β-glucose-1-phosphate to β-glucose-6-phosphate in a two-step process proceeding via a bisphosphate intermediate. The conventionally accepted mechanism is that both steps are concerted processes involving acid-base catalysis from a nearby
